（菲行記錄8）乾淨城市 公主港【主題新聞-1】

（菲行記錄16-8【主題新聞-1】）

【藍天採訪組／巴拉望｜新北市報導】

一個曾經也是街道和公共市場髒亂不堪的城市，竟然在兩年之間脫胎換骨成為乾淨城市……。

1992年8月，菲律賓巴拉望省公主港市當時的市長哈格多恩（Mayor Hagedorn）推動一個OPLAN Linis計畫（清潔和綠色運動），這項計畫由政府機構主導，結合非政府組織、企業和民間共同合作，OPLAN Linis的概念，通過密集的宣傳和教育活動，兩年之間便把公主港市改造成為清潔，美化，衛生的城市。

落後國家給人的刻板印象總離不開髒、亂，看過菲律賓的巴拉望省會，公主港市乾淨的市容，馬上讓人改變觀念，為什麼號稱進步的臺灣街頭反而髒亂不堪？難道臺灣比巴拉望落後嗎？

「萬歲！萬歲！萬萬歲！」喲，聖上來了，趕緊上街頭列隊迎接吧。

有沒搞錯？提著垃圾袋迎接皇帝啊？別誤會，因為垃圾不落地，丟垃圾早已成為家戶運動，全都要提早上街排排站恭迎垃圾車大駕光臨，家家戶戶好像天天迎天子似的，千萬提醒可別遲到喔。

民眾蔡先生：會啊，他有時候都不會準時到啊，就是因為沒追到過所以以後大嫂早早出來啊。

「垃圾！垃圾！又垃圾！」改善環境髒亂不是實施垃圾不落地的原因之一嗎？這裡是新五都之一的新北市，如今街道上要找個垃圾桶都不太容易囉，

遊客簡小姐：在這邊都會買東西吃，然後吃完你手上有垃圾就會沒有地方丟啊，所以我贊成設立垃圾桶。

遊客林先生：贊成啊，對啊，因為其實這樣子大家比較不會亂丟垃圾，最少有垃圾桶的地方可以讓他知道哪邊可以丟，不然有些人拿著拿著就到處路上到處亂放，我覺得那樣到時候反而對環境不好，對啊，有礙瞻觀。

居民吳小姐：其實基本上我不太贊成，那如果垃圾桶弄了，他們自己他們應該就不會帶回去，我覺得這樣子反而是不好的，對，那讓大家養成一個習慣，反正垃圾就帶回家嘛，我是這樣子想。

有人贊成，有人反對，多數民眾還是認為有必要，為了環境整潔美觀，減少設置垃圾桶，請各位把垃圾……直接丟在地上（嗎）？

居民劉小姐：我覺得這邊需要設垃圾桶啊，因為隨便樹旁邊就有垃圾，就算我有公德心，我想說，耶，我們幫忙撿垃圾，我想教小孩子說要撿垃圾丟到垃圾桶，可是就沒有垃圾桶可以丟，垃圾就還在那一邊，難道叫我撿回自己家裡丟嗎？好像不太對吧？應該需要一個垃圾桶讓我們可以丟垃圾。

滿街的垃圾，連有設置垃圾桶的地方，這不是才差幾步而已嗎？最諷刺的是這隻禁丟垃圾的告示牌，已經被垃圾淹沒了。

鏡頭拉到巴拉望公主港市，哇～到處是垃圾桶，還有垃圾子車耶，巴拉望一定又髒又亂！我們騎著機車到處趴趴走，看看能不能找到垃圾，在人多車擁擠的市區，在人少車稀的鄉下，奇怪，垃圾呢？

還看到婦女拉著空垃圾桶跑回家，原來在這裡不管是行人手中的垃圾或家戶垃圾，全都可以丟在路旁的垃圾桶裡喔。

亂丟垃圾到底會怎樣啊？小心，小心，有警察喔。

對了，臺灣的觀光區街道是垃圾最多的地方，來到沙邦的觀光區，一定可以找到滿地的垃圾：沒有？奇怪，還是沒有？不如我們問問警察，這裡的垃圾怎麼了？

觀光警察Manugan下士：

亂丟垃圾的人，第一次會被罰200元披索，再丟就會罰500元，第三次就罰1千元了，還要拘留2個月

＜誰會執行取締告發？＞有專門警察會開單處罰亂丟垃圾，也有指派專人對丟垃圾的人開罰單。

原來亂丟垃圾會被重罰，200披索對當地人來說不是一筆小錢，沒人願意跟錢過不去是吧！「可是我很窮繳不出錢怎麼辦？」

如果繳不起罰金的話，可以去做社區 服務，像是撿垃圾，這是第二個選擇，如果付不起200元的話，就用社區服務代替。

很窮還敢亂丟垃圾？好，那就罰你去社區服務（例如：掃街）吧！不過我們相信除了重罰之外，人民的公德心應該也很重要，在公主港市到處找垃圾，除了常看到垃圾車收集垃圾，也沒見到有政府的人員在盯著呢。

回頭看看臺灣，國家門面的桃園國際機場這些看來很久沒被清掃的髒亂走道，垃圾一堆，真的髒得可以，雖然實施垃圾不落地，一包包家戶垃圾早就被擺在門口超過半小時了；街道上放眼望去也是到處垃圾，亂丟垃圾不是也會處罰的嗎？罰則也不輕呢，看看別人，想想自己，政府不夠用心或是臺灣人公德心不足呢？環保機關應該想辦法把答案找出來吧！

http://oplan-linis.blogspot.com/

Hall of Fame Awardee: Clean and Green

Oplan Linis Program (Clean and Green Campaign)

Launched on August 1, 1992, the program aims to sustain cleanliness, beautification, and sanitation in the city through active and continuing partnership among government agencies, non-government organizations, the private sectors, and citizens. The program has earned for Puerto Princesa the coveted label of being the cleanest and greenest city in the Philippines

Oplan Linis has six major components: Cleanliness, Beautification, Sanitation, Sagip-Dagat (Save Sea), Sagip-Hangin (Save Air), and Information and Education.

Behind the astounding success of the program are the people themselves. Once aroused from their lethargy and challenged to be better than themselves as a result of the massive information and education drives among schools, offices, business establishments, and the barangays, they acted as one in initially sweeping and gathering tons of accumulated garbage, and then in seeing to it that no one throws litter anywhere in the city.

It was not easy, of course, especially in the beginning. Pretty soon the people believed that the program was for real. Parents started being amazed at seeing their children from school emptying pocketfuls of trash. Adults seen by children littering were feeling awkward and embarrassed after being scolded by the latter. Until the whole population took the program with a happy and leisurely acceptance that it became finally internalized in their systems.

In 1994, Puerto Princesa was formally declared the Cleanest and Greenest Component City in the country. Its 98% rating over the 95% garnered by Baguio City as the Cleanest and Greenest Highly Urbanized City technically makes Puerto Princesa the cleanest city of them all.

1996 Outstanding
Environmental Protection and Management

Oplan Linis : Puerto Princesa City

Puerto Princesa was like many other cities in the country before Oplan Linis. Its streets and public markets were dirty; its port was in no better condition and its coastal lines littered with trash. Barely four moths after the program was launched in August 1, 1992, Puerto Princesa was radically transformed into a clean city. Oplan Linis has brought honor and prestige to a place previously known as a haven of prisoners and breeding place of malaria-causing mosquitoes. As a result, the health personnel and private medical practitioners noted reduced incidence of stomach illness, flu, and gastro-enteritis. There was no reported outbreaks of contagious diseases where there used to be one per year affecting 100 families in the squatter areas. The city had become a favorite place for official functions, tourism, recreation and Lakbay Aral (study tour) site thereby generating employment for the residents.

Central to the concept of Oplan Linis is value formation through intensive information and education campaigns. With school children as the primary targets, the program was pursued relentlessly by the government in partnership with the schools, churches, businesses, NGOs and the tri-media. The Anti-littering Ordinance is strictly enforced. Nobody is spared including the mayor and a visiting senator. Aside from cleanliness and sanitation, the other components of Oplan Linis included beautification, saving the bay and coastal areas and close monitoring of compliance. Behind the success of the program are the people themselves who are involved in cleaning up their immediate surroundings and not throwing trash anywhere. There is ownership of the program and collective pride in the discipline demonstrated by a large majority of the city residents.