蘋果集團外界看不到的陰暗面

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蘋果集團外界看不到的陰暗面

◎法廣  瑞迪

週五上市的法國各全國性大報幾乎一致將蘋果集團創始人約伯斯逝世在全球引發的反應放在頭版顯著位置。

但是,在肯定他的技術創新給當今社會帶來的巨大影響的同時,輿論也提醒關注他的巨大成功背後的社會代價,例如中國工廠的工作條件。

關於約伯斯逝世,在一片惋惜巨星隕落的感歎與追憶中,《世界報》發表社論文章指出,在成為一個全球化的明星之前,他首先是一個全球化的老闆,毫無節制地利用了全球化的所有可能優勢。

臺灣企業富士康在中國各地的超大型工廠生產著蘋果集團的iPhone和 iPad產品,這是蘋果集團成功的手段之一。約伯斯嚴格有時甚至是荒謬的要求不斷造成社會後果,富士康的員工,甚至是那些蘋果集團自己的員工對此都再清楚不過了。

 

《解放報》的社論文章也指出,蘋果集團與時俱進,和很多其他企業一樣,利用忽略社會成本,在那些碉堡一樣的中國工廠加工產品,金錢因此滾滾而來。

《解放報》為此發表該報駐京記者格朗熱羅的文章,指出,空氣污染、強迫勞動、辱?,等等。約伯斯沒有下屬工廠,對他在中國勞動者的命運毫不關心。文章寫道,蘋果集團外界看不到的陰暗面在中國。他雖然是一個跨國集團,但特點正是他沒有下屬工廠。

幾乎所有產品都由臺灣電子工業巨頭富士康在深圳、成都和鄭州的工廠生產。還有一大批供應商,但是蘋果集團從不披露是哪些供應商。蘋果集團自稱是“綠色企業”,肯定說要求供應商和加工廠給予工人安全的工作條件。但是現實與這些原則不符。

上個月,五個非政府團體聯合發表調查報告,指責蘋果集團非常清楚iPad 和iPhone生產造成大量有毒垃圾的事實。至少27家可能是蘋果集團供應商的企業可能都對不同程度的破壞環境事件負有責任。

中國已經成為電腦產品的世界工廠,那裡有廉價的勞動力,但沒有自由工會,於是,蘋果集團和許多其他跨國集團一樣,乘虛而入。

《解放報》這篇文章舉例說,在江蘇同心,生活在一個蘋果集團供應商工廠附近的居民癌症發病率高得令人驚訝。自2007年以來,60名緊靠工廠生活的居民中,已經有9人染患癌症,並死亡。

文章引述五個非政府團體聯合發表的調查報告指出,當地居民晚上從不開窗戶,因為工廠釋放出的有毒蒸氣令人窒息。報告調查人員有一次意外地面對十幾名居民在他們面前跪下的場面。這些居民祈求調查人員幫助他們推動關閉這家得到當地政府支持的工廠。

《解放報》還引述這份報告中的另一個事例:在武漢,一家可能向蘋果集團提供印刷電路的工廠向附近的南檯子湖排泄污水,湖水抽樣檢驗顯示,其中銅元素含量超過正常批准56倍至193倍。報告的一名作者指出,蘋果集團明顯沒有努力解決這個問題。

《解放報》文章特別介紹了富士康工廠惡劣的工作條件,引述二十幾名中國大學研究員走訪一千八百名富士康員工後,在一年前推出的調查報告,指出,中國勞動法規定,員工每月加班時間不得超過36小時,而富士康工廠的員工每月加班時間可以達到80至100小時。

文章指出,在這個比卓別林在電影《摩登時代》中描述的世界還要野蠻工廠,工頭權力無限。根據上述報告提供的資料,超過28%的員工曾經遭受上級和保安人員辱?。這份報告把富士康工廠比作是集中營。

http://tinyurl.com/5sdv7md

 

Green activists in China target alleged Apple suppliers

 

By Steven Jiang, CNN
September 30, 2011

Suzhou, China (CNN) -- In the shadow of the bustling Kaedar Electronics plant a brightly colored kindergarten sits somewhat incongruously, its playground usually empty.

"Teachers always keep the windows shut," explained 3-year-old Wei Xiwei, who attends the community facility but is rarely allowed outdoors.

In Tongxin, a small village on the other side of the factory, the young have long gone, leaving only the old and frail behind.

"If we don't get moved out, I'll just die here soon," said 75-year-old Lu Baoyun.

Young and old, locals living around the Kaedar plant near Shanghai in eastern China, blame the same thing for disrupting their lives: fumes from the factory. Residents say the strong odor sickens them.

Kaedar reportedly produces casings for Apple's popular iPhone.

With the help of concerned citizens, a coalition of grassroots environmental groups tracked alleged polluters like Kaedar during a seven-month investigation and recently published their findings in a 46-page report titled "The Other Side of Apple (Part II)."

"They say they are committed to ensuring the highest standards of social responsibility," said Ma Jun, director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs who led the effort. "If they can't manage their supply chain, it's just empty talk."

Contacted by CNN, Apple declined to name its suppliers in China but past news reports indicated Kaedar and many of the 21 other companies listed in the environmentalists' report manufacture parts for various Apple products.

Apple insists it requires that suppliers "use environmentally responsible manufacturing processes wherever Apple products are made." Kaedar would not comment for this report.

The activists also produced a video that features accusations from people living near what they say are Apple suppliers in various parts of the country. In one part, a fisherman in central China is seen rowing his boat along a small river discolored with a yellow hue, allegedly the discharge from two local factories - one believed to be an Apple supplier.

Apple declined to address specific allegations and referred CNN to its latest progress report on supplier responsibility. In the document, the company stressed that it aggressively monitors factories in its supply chain with regular, on-site audits. Apple also said it addresses relevant issues with nongovernmental organizations and industry groups.

Ma said Apple has talked to his organization and he was encouraged by the company's follow-up. But he emphasized public scrutiny is the key in combating environmental violations and said his group will continue to name and shame big brands.

Some 30 kilometers west of Tongxin Village, in an industrial park dotted with factories churning out electronics for the global market, residents at the Phoenix City high-rise housing complex echo the activists' sentiment.

They have been complaining about the same problem as the Tongxin villagers, from Catcher-Topo, an expanding electronics plant right next to their apartments and reportedly another Apple supplier.

"Health can't be the price of wealth, right?" said resident Miller Xu. "In a few decades, if your health is ruined, it wouldn't matter how much money you have."

The 33-year-old engineer said he is considering moving so that his toddler son would not have to breathe what he believes is "toxic air."

He added the residents' experience has given many pause for buying Apple products.

Apple has seen phenomenal sales growth in China and opened Asia's largest Apple Store in Shanghai last week. The company announced in July its revenue from Greater China reached $8.8 billion for the first three quarters of this fiscal year, an increase of more than sixfold compared to the same period last year.

"I don't have an iPad or an iPhone mainly because I can't afford them," Xu said. "But I heard many people

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丸子

全心全意專注一件事,較易成功,但成功後面常會蘊藏一般人未感受的災禍,就如本篇文章所述,刻意不談及其生產過程細節,社會上總是有一群人主宰人類方向,但是用汙染環境害來進步,如果可以選擇,我要的事生活簡單低汙染,單純快樂的環境,但是這些心意與情緒,在高度經濟物資成長導向中,總是被忽略無法上達天聽。
美好山河有時是再多金錢也換不回的,損害大眾健康的產業,還是不要太蓬勃發展,慢一點吧!

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蘋果集團外界看不到的陰暗面

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